Ka la 14 Mots'eanong 2024, nakong ea US - The White House e United States e ile ea fana ka polelo, moo Mopresidente Joe Biden a ileng a laela Ofisi ea Moemeli oa Khoebo ea US ho eketsa sekhahla sa litefiso ho lihlahisoa tsa China tsa solar photovoltaic tlasa Karolo ea 301 ea Molao oa Khoebo oa. 1974 ho tloha ho 25% ho isa ho 50%.
Tumellanong le taelo ena, Mopresidente oa United States Joe Biden o phatlalalitse ka Labobeli merero ea hae ea ho beha keketseho e kholo ea litefiso ho.Libetri tsa lithium-ion tsa Chinale ho hlahisa litefello tse ncha tsa lik'homphieutha, lisele tsa letsatsi, le likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs) e le karolo ea leano la hae la ho sireletsa basebetsi le likhoebo tsa Amerika. Tlas'a Karolo ea 301, Moemeli oa Khoebo o laetsoe ho eketsa litefiso tsa thepa e tsoang kantle ea boleng ba $18 bilione ho tsoa Chaena.
Litefiso tsa li-EV, tšepe le aluminium tse tsoang kantle ho naha hammoho le lisele tsa letsatsi li tla qala ho sebetsa selemong sena; athe tse ho li-chips tsa komporo li tla qala ho sebetsa selemong se tlang. Libetri tsa likoloi tsa Lithium-ion tseo e seng tsa motlakase li tla qala ho sebetsa ka 2026.
Ka ho khetheha, sekhahla sa litefiso bakeng saLibetri tsa lithium-ion tsa China(eseng bakeng sa li-EV) li tla eketseha ho tloha ho 7.5% ho ea ho 25%, ha likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs) li tla tobana le sekhahla sa makhetlo a mane sa 100%. Sekgahla sa ditefiso tsa Solar cell le semiconductor se tla lefiswa 50% ya ditefiso - habeli sekgahla sa jwale. Ho feta moo, litefiso tse ling tsa tšepe le aluminium tse tsoang kantle ho naha li tla nyoloha ka 25%, e leng palo e fetang hararo ea boemo ba hajoale.
Mona ke litefiso tsa morao-rao tsa US mabapi le thepa ea China e tsoang kantle ho naha:
| Litefiso tsa US ka letoto la lintho tse tsoang kantle ho naha tsa China(2024-05-14,US) | ||
| Thepa | Theko ea Pele | Theko e Ncha |
| Libetri tsa likoloi tsa lithium-ion tse se nang motlakase | 7.5% | Eketsa sekhahla ho isa ho 25% ka 2026 |
| Libetri tsa likoloi tsa motlakase tsa lithium-ion | 7.5% | Eketsa sekhahla ho isa ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Likarolo tsa betri (libetri tsa li-non-lithium-ion) | 7.5% | Eketsa sekhahla ho isa ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Lisele tsa letsatsi (hore li kopane kapa li sa kopane ka li-module) | 25.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihla ho 50% ka 2024 |
| Lihlahisoa tsa tšepe le aluminium | 0-7.5% | Eketsa sekhahla ho isa ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Sekepe ho li-cranes tsa lebopong | 0.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho isa ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Li-semiconductors | 25.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho isa ho 50% ka 2025 |
| Likoloi tsa motlakase | 25.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho isa ho 100% ka 2024 |
| Limanete tse sa feleng tsa libeteri tsa EV | 0.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho isa ho 25% ka 2026 |
| Graphite ea tlhaho bakeng sa libeteri tsa EV | 0.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho isa ho 25% ka 2026 |
| Liminerale tse ling tsa bohlokoa | 0.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho isa ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Lihlahisoa tsa Bongaka: li-gloves tsa rabara tsa bongaka le tsa ho buoa | 7.5% | Eketsa sekhahla ho isa ho 25% ka 2026 |
| Lihlahisoa tsa bongaka: li-respirators tse ling le limaske tsa sefahleho | 0-7.5% | Ie nyolohetse ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Lihlahisoa tsa Bongaka: Li-syringe le linale | 0.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihla ho 50% ka 2024 |
Karolo ea 301 Lipatlisiso mabapi lebetri ea letsatsilitefiso li hlahisa menyetla le mathata a mabeli bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea polokelo ea betri ea matla a letsatsi ea US. Le hoja e ka 'na ea susumetsa tlhahiso ea bona ea mesebetsi ea letsatsi le mosebetsi, e ka boela ea ba le liphello tse mpe moruong oa lefatše le khoebong.
Ntle le litšitiso tsa khoebo, tsamaiso ea Biden e boetse e sisintse likhothaletso - Molao oa Phokotso ea Litheko (IRA) bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea letsatsi ka 2022. E ne e le mohato o motle oa ho fokotsa ho tsoa ha likhase tse futhumatsang lefatše le ho khothaletsa matla a hloekileng naheng, ho tšoaea mohato oa bohlokoa molemong oa ho nchafatsoa ha eona. ts'ebetso ea ntlafatso ea matla.
Bili ena ea $ 369 bilione e kenyelletsa lithuso bakeng sa likarolo tse peli tsa tlhokahalo le lehlakoreng la phepelo ea matla a letsatsi. Lehlakoreng la tlhokahalo, ho na le mekitlane ea lekhetho la matsete (ITC) e fumanehang ho tšehetsa litšenyehelo tsa pele tsa projeke le litefiso tsa lekhetho la tlhahiso (PTC) tse ipapisitseng le phepelo ea motlakase ea 'nete. Litefiso tsena li ka eketsoa ka ho fihlela litlhoko tsa basebetsi, litlhoko tsa tlhahiso ea US, le maemo a mang a tsoetseng pele. Lehlakoreng la phepelo, ho na le mekitlane ea projeke ea matla e tsoetseng pele (48C ITC) bakeng sa litšenyehelo tsa kaho ea setsi le lisebelisoa, hammoho le likalimo tse tsoetseng pele tsa tlhahiso ea tlhahiso (45X MPTC) tse amanang le litheko tse fapaneng tsa thekiso ea lihlahisoa.
Ho ipapisitsoe le lintlha tse fanoeng, litefiso tsalithium ion betri bakeng sa polokelo ea letsatsie ke ke ea kengoa ts'ebetsong ho fihlela 2026, e lumellang nako ea phetoho. Sena se fana ka monyetla o babatsehang oa ho kenya libeteri tsa lithium ion tsa letsatsi ka tšehetso ea leano la letsatsi la IRA. Haeba u morekisi oa betri ea letsatsi, morekisi, kapa morekisi, ho bohlokoa ho sebelisa monyetla ona hona joale. Ho reka libeteri tsa lithium tsa letsatsi tse patehileng tsa UL, ka kopo ikopanye le sehlopha sa barekisi sa YouthPOWER hosales@youth-power.net.
Nako ea poso: May-16-2024