Ku ya 14 Gicurasi 2024, mu gihe cy’Amerika - White House muri Amerika yasohoye itangazo, aho Perezida Joe Biden yategetse ibiro by’uhagarariye ubucuruzi muri Amerika kongera igipimo cy’amahoro ku bicuruzwa bikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba bikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba mu gika cya 301 cy’itegeko ry’ubucuruzi rya 1974 kuva kuri 25% kugeza kuri 50%.
Dukurikije aya mabwiriza, Perezida wa Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, Joe Biden, yatangaje ku wa kabiri gahunda ye yo gushyiraho izamuka ry’imisoro ku buryo bugaragaraBatteri ya Lithium-ionno kumenyekanisha imisoro mishya kuri chipi ya mudasobwa, imirasire y'izuba, hamwe n’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV) murwego rwo gufata ingamba zo kurinda abakozi n’abanyamerika. Mu ngingo ya 301, uhagarariye ubucuruzi yasabwe kongera imisoro kuri miliyari 18 z’amadolari y’ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa.
Ibiciro kuri EV, ibyuma na aluminiyumu bitumizwa mu mahanga kimwe n’izuba bizatangira gukurikizwa muri uyu mwaka; mugihe abari kuri chip ya mudasobwa bazatangira gukurikizwa umwaka utaha. Litiyumu-ion bateri yimodoka idafite amashanyarazi izatangira gukurikizwa mumwaka wa 2026.
By'umwihariko, igipimo cy'amahoro kuriBatteri ya Lithium-ion. Igipimo cyibiciro kuri Solar selile na semiconductor bizakoreshwa kuri 50% - byikubye kabiri igipimo kiriho. Byongeye kandi, ibiciro bimwe na bimwe bya aluminium n’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga biziyongera 25%, bikubye inshuro eshatu urwego ruriho.
Dore amahoro aheruka muri Amerika ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu Bushinwa:
| Ibiciro by'Amerika ku bicuruzwa byinshi bitumizwa mu Bushinwa(2024-05-14,US) | ||
| Ibicuruzwa | Igiciro cyumwimerere | Igiciro gishya |
| Litiyumu-ion bateri yimodoka idafite amashanyarazi | 7.5% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 25% muri 2026 |
| Litiyumu-ion yamashanyarazi | 7.5% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 25% muri 2024 |
| Ibice bya bateri (bateri zitari lithium-ion) | 7.5% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 25% muri 2024 |
| Imirasire y'izuba (yaba idateranijwe muri module) | 25.0% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 50% muri 2024 |
| Ibicuruzwa bya aluminium | 0-7.5% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 25% muri 2024 |
| Kohereza ku nkombe za crane | 0.0% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 25% muri 2024 |
| Amashanyarazi | 25.0% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 50% muri 2025 |
| Imashanyarazi | 25.0% | Ongera igipimo kugera 100% muri 2024 |
| Imashini zihoraho kuri bateri ya EV | 0.0% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 25% muri 2026 |
| Igishushanyo mbonera cya bateri ya EV | 0.0% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 25% muri 2026 |
| Andi mabuye y'agaciro | 0.0% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 25% muri 2024 |
| Ibicuruzwa byubuvuzi: reberi yubuvuzi na gants zo kubaga | 7.5% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 25% muri 2026 |
| Ibicuruzwa byubuvuzi: guhumeka hamwe na masike yo mumaso | 0-7.5% | Ikongera igipimo kugera kuri 25% muri 2024 |
| Ibicuruzwa byubuvuzi: Siringi ninshinge | 0.0% | Ongera igipimo kugera kuri 50% muri 2024 |
Icyiciro 301 Iperereza ryerekeyebateri y'izubaibiciro byerekana amahirwe n'imbogamizi mugutezimbere inganda zibika ingufu z'izuba muri Amerika. Nubwo bishobora guteza imbere imirasire y’izuba mu gihugu n’akazi, birashobora no kugira ingaruka mbi ku bukungu bw’isi n’ubucuruzi.
Usibye inzitizi z’ubucuruzi, ubuyobozi bwa Biden bwanasabye ko hashyirwaho ingamba - Itegeko ryo kugabanya ifaranga ry’ifaranga (IRA) mu iterambere ry’izuba mu 2022.Yari intambwe ishimishije mu kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no guteza imbere ingufu zisukuye mu gihugu, bikaba ari intambwe ikomeye mu iyongerwa ryayo. inzira yo guteza imbere ingufu.
Umushinga w'itegeko miliyari 369 z'amadolari akubiyemo inkunga ku mpande zombi zikenewe ndetse no ku ruhande rutanga ingufu z'izuba. Kuruhande rwibisabwa, hari inguzanyo zumusoro wishoramari (ITC) ziboneka kugirango zishyigikire umushinga wambere hamwe ninguzanyo kumusoro ku musaruro (PTC) hashingiwe kumashanyarazi nyirizina. Izi nguzanyo zirashobora kwiyongera muguhuza ibisabwa nakazi, ibisabwa muri Amerika, nibindi bihe byateye imbere. Kuruhande rwibitangwa, hari inguzanyo ziterambere ziterambere (48C ITC) kubikorwa byo kubaka ibikoresho nibikoresho bikoreshwa, hamwe ninguzanyo zakozwe mu nganda (45X MPTC) zijyanye no kugurisha ibicuruzwa bitandukanye.
Ukurikije amakuru yatanzwe, ibiciro kuribatiri ya lithium ion yo kubika izubantabwo bizashyirwa mubikorwa kugeza 2026, byemerera igihe cyinzibacyuho. Ibi biratanga amahirwe meza yo gutumiza bateri yizuba ya lithium ion ku nkunga ya politiki yizuba ya IRA. Niba uri bateri yizuba, ucuruza, cyangwa ucuruza, ni ngombwa gukoresha aya mahirwe nonaha. Kugura bateri zikoresha ingufu za UL zemewe nizuba, nyamuneka hamagara itsinda ryabacuruzi rya YouthPOWER kurisales@youth-power.net.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-16-2024