Pa Meyi 14, 2024, mu nthawi yaku US - The White House ku United States idatulutsa mawu, pomwe Purezidenti Joe Biden adauza Ofesi ya US Trade Representative kuti iwonjezere mitengo yamitengo yazinthu zaku China solar photovoltaic pansi pa Gawo 301 la Trade Act of 1974 kuchokera 25% mpaka 50%.
Mogwirizana ndi lamuloli, Purezidenti wa US, Joe Biden, adalengeza Lachiwiri kuti akufuna kukweza mitengo yamitengo.Mabatire a lithiamu-ion aku Chinandikuyambitsanso ndalama zatsopano pamakompyuta, ma cell a solar, ndi magalimoto amagetsi (EVs) monga gawo la njira yake yotetezera antchito aku America ndi mabizinesi. Pansi pa Gawo 301, Woimira Zamalonda adalamulidwa kuti awonjezere mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya $ 18 biliyoni kuchokera ku China.
Misonkho ya EVs, zitsulo ndi aluminiyamu kunja kwa kunja komanso maselo a dzuwa zidzagwira ntchito chaka chino; pomwe zomwe zili pakompyuta ziyamba kugwira ntchito chaka chamawa. Mabatire agalimoto a Lithium-ion osagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ayamba kugwira ntchito mu 2026.
Makamaka, mtengo wa tariff waMabatire a lithiamu-ion aku China(osati za EVs ) zidzawonjezedwa kuchokera ku 7.5% kufika ku 25%, pamene magalimoto amagetsi (EVs) adzakumana ndi maulendo anayi a 100%. Mtengo wa tariff pama cell a Solar ndi semiconductor udzaperekedwa pamtengo wa 50% - kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwapano. Kuphatikiza apo, mitengo ina yachitsulo ndi aluminiyamu yochokera kunja idzakwera ndi 25%, kupitilira katatu mulingo wapano.
Nayi mitengo yaposachedwa kwambiri yaku US pazogula zaku China:
| Misonkho yaku US pagulu lazinthu zambiri zaku China(2024-05-14,US) | ||
| Zogulitsa | Mtengo Woyambira | Mtengo Watsopano |
| Mabatire agalimoto a Lithium-ion osagwiritsa ntchito magetsi | 7.5% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 25% mu 2026 |
| Mabatire agalimoto amagetsi a lithiamu-ion | 7.5% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 25% mu 2024 |
| Zigawo za batri (mabatire opanda lithiamu-ion) | 7.5% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 25% mu 2024 |
| Ma cell a solar (kaya asonkhanitsidwa kukhala ma module) | 25.0% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 50% mu 2024 |
| Zida zachitsulo ndi aluminiyamu | 0-7.5% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 25% mu 2024 |
| Sitima yopita ku ma cranes a m'mphepete mwa nyanja | 0.0% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 25% mu 2024 |
| Ma semiconductors | 25.0% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 50% mu 2025 |
| Magalimoto amagetsi | 25.0% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 100% mu 2024 |
| Maginito osatha a mabatire a EV | 0.0% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 25% mu 2026 |
| Ma graphite achilengedwe a mabatire a EV | 0.0% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 25% mu 2026 |
| Ma minerals ena ofunikira | 0.0% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 25% mu 2024 |
| Zamankhwala Zamankhwala: magolovesi azachipatala ndi opangira opaleshoni | 7.5% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 25% mu 2026 |
| Zamankhwala: zopumira ndi masks amaso | 0-7.5% | Ikuchuluka kwa 25% mu 2024 |
| Zamankhwala: Masyringe ndi singano | 0.0% | Kuchulukitsa mpaka 50% mu 2024 |
Gawo 301 Kufufuza pabatire ya dzuwatariffs imapereka mwayi ndi zovuta zonse zopangira chitukuko chamakampani osungira mabatire a solar ku US. Ngakhale kuti zingalimbikitse kupanga kwawo kwa dzuwa ndi ntchito zapakhomo, zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pazachuma padziko lonse lapansi ndi malonda.
Kuphatikiza pa zotchinga zamalonda, bungwe la Biden lidaperekanso zolimbikitsa - Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) pakukula kwa dzuwa mu 2022. Inali njira yabwino yochepetsera kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha komanso kulimbikitsa mphamvu zoyera m'dzikolo, zomwe zikuwonetsa gawo lofunikira pakukonzanso kwake. njira yopangira mphamvu.
Ndalamayi $ 369 biliyoni ikuphatikiza zothandizira pazofunikira zonse komanso mbali zoperekera mphamvu zamagetsi. Kumbali yofunidwa, pali ndalama zamisonkho zogulira (ITC) zopezeka kuti zithandizire ndalama zoyambilira za projekiti ndi ngongole zamisonkho (PTC) kutengera mphamvu zenizeni zopangira magetsi. Malipiro awa atha kuonjezedwa pokwaniritsa zofunikira za ogwira ntchito, zopangira za US, ndi zina zapamwamba. Kumbali yoperekera, pali ziwongola dzanja zamphamvu zamaprojekiti (48C ITC) zowonongera malo ndi zida, komanso ndalama zopangira zopangira zapamwamba (45X MPTC) zolumikizidwa ndi malonda osiyanasiyana ogulitsa.
Kutengera zomwe zaperekedwa, tariffs palithiamu ion batire yosungiramo dzuwasichidzakhazikitsidwa mpaka 2026, kulola nthawi yosinthira. Izi zikupereka mwayi wabwino kwambiri woitanitsa mabatire a lithiamu ion a solar mothandizidwa ndi ndondomeko ya solar ya IRA. Ngati ndinu ogulitsa mabatire a solar, ogulitsa, kapena ogulitsa, ndikofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito mwayiwu tsopano. Kuti mugule mabatire a lithiamu a solar certified UL, chonde lemberani gulu lazamalonda la YouthPOWER pasales@youth-power.net.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-16-2024